Quality assessment of spring water from the area of the Łysogóry Mts. in Świętokrzyski National Park in 2010

Autorzy

• Michał Jasik University of Agriculture in Krakow, Faculty of Forestry, Department of Forest Ecology, al. 29 Listopada 46, 31-425 Kraków, Poland
  phone: +4812 6625080, e-mail: michal.jasik@op.pl
• Stanisław Małek University of Agriculture in Krakow, Faculty of Forestry, Institute of Forest Ecology and Silviculture, Department of Forest Ecology and Reclamation, Al. 29 Listopada 46, 31–425 Kraków, Poland

Abstract

The study was conducted in the year 2010 in the Łysogóry Mts. in Świętokrzyski National Park. Spring water samples were collected in three rounds. The first round was carried out after the period of snowmelt (March/April 2010), the second – after intensive rainfall (May 2010) and the third – when water levels were low (July 2010). The data set attained concerned conductivity, water pH, and also concentrations of the foremost anions (Cl^–, NO₃^–, SO₄^2-) and cations (NH₄⁺, Na⁺, K⁺, Ca₂⁺, Mg₂⁺). Spring water quality was assessed in line with Polish policy on groundwater (Regulation of the Minister of Environment of 23 July 2008, The results confirmed that spring water quality strongly depended on wet acid deposition and the geological structure. Tree species (fir and beech), exposition and soil types within the alimentation area did not influence water chemistry. Spring water were found in low quality classes according to Polish standards due to low water pH as well as high NO₃^– and NH₄⁺ concentration.

Keywords

• Świętokrzyski National Park
• springs
• water quality
• water chemistry