Ground water level in the northern part of Białowieża Primeval Forest after filling the "Siemianówka" water reservoir
This article presents the variability of ground water levels in the northern part of Białowieża Primeval Forest. In 1975–1994, in this region, a large water reservoir – „Siemianówka” was established, which could affect the ground water regime in the forest. In the early 80’s in the vicinity of the reservoir measuring the ground water level network, consisting of 42 points was set. Additionally, since 1985, measurements of ground water have been conducted to a greater distance from the reservoir, mainly in the Białowieża National Park. The results of the measurements and their analysis were presented for groups of sites at the same level of humidity. In fresh sites the level of ground water has decreased in all wells, 21 cm on average. In moist sites, the ground water level: rose in three wells, in the range of 5 to 29 cm, did not show significant changes in three wells, and decreased from 8 to 36 cm in four wells. In the boggy sites, the ground water level keeps stable in two wells, while in five wells water level was lower from 4 to 12 cm. The level of water in these wells decreased by an average of 10 cm. Raising the water level in several wells should be assessed positively, since it allows the preservation of valuable forest ecosystems on hydrogenic areas. This process, however, is mainly associated with the management of water in polders located next to the water reservoir.
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